His mother, Emma Swindells, came from a local textile family. Joseph John Thomson was born on 18 December 1856 in Cheetham Hill, Manchester, Lancashire, England.
3.5.4 Measurement of mass-to-charge ratio.Thomson was also a teacher, and nine of his mentees also went on to win Nobel Prizes. Thomson was awarded the 1906 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on the conduction of electricity in gases. His experiments to determine the nature of positively charged particles, with Francis William Aston, were the first use of mass spectrometry and led to the development of the mass spectrograph. Thomson is also credited with finding the first evidence for isotopes of a stable (non-radioactive) element in 1913, as part of his exploration into the composition of canal rays (positive ions). In 1897, Thomson showed that cathode rays were composed of previously unknown negatively charged particles (now called electrons), which he calculated must have bodies much smaller than atoms and a very large charge-to-mass ratio. Sir Joseph John Thomson OM PRS (18 December 1856 – 30 August 1940) was a British physicist and Nobel Laureate in Physics, credited with the discovery of the electron, the first subatomic particle to be discovered. Thomson: Computational Chemistry and Gas Discharge Experiments Owens College (now the University of Manchester)
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